The ISO 639 standard defines two-letter codes for many languages, and three-letter codes for more rarely used languages. All abbreviations for languages used in the Translation Project should come from this standard.

A.1 Usual Language Codes

For the commonly used languages, the ISO 639-1 standard defines two-letter codes.

‘aa’: Afar.
‘ab’: Abkhazian.
‘ae’: Avestan.
‘af’: Afrikaans.
‘ak’: Akan.
‘am’: Amharic.
‘an’: Aragonese.
‘ar’: Arabic.
‘as’: Assamese.
‘av’: Avaric.
‘ay’: Aymara.
‘az’: Azerbaijani.
‘ba’: Bashkir.
‘be’: Belarusian.
‘bg’: Bulgarian.
‘bh’: Bihari languages.
‘bi’: Bislama.
‘bm’: Bambara.
‘bn’: Bengali.
‘bo’: Tibetan.
‘br’: Breton.
‘bs’: Bosnian.
‘ca’: Catalan; Valencian.
‘ce’: Chechen.
‘ch’: Chamorro.
‘co’: Corsican.
‘cr’: Cree.
‘cs’: Czech.
‘cu’: Church Slavic; Old Slavonic; Church Slavonic; Old Bulgarian; Old Church Slavonic.
‘cv’: Chuvash.
‘cy’: Welsh.
‘da’: Danish.
‘de’: German.
‘dv’: Divehi; Dhivehi; Maldivian.
‘dz’: Dzongkha.
‘ee’: Ewe.
‘el’: Greek, Modern (1453-).
‘en’: English.
‘eo’: Esperanto.
‘es’: Spanish; Castilian.
‘et’: Estonian.
‘eu’: Basque.
‘fa’: Persian.
‘ff’: Fulah.
‘fi’: Finnish.
‘fj’: Fijian.
‘fo’: Faroese.
‘fr’: French.
‘fy’: Western Frisian.
‘ga’: Irish.
‘gd’: Gaelic; Scottish Gaelic.
‘gl’: Galician.
‘gn’: Guarani.
‘gu’: Gujarati.
‘gv’: Manx.
‘ha’: Hausa.
‘he’: Hebrew.
‘hi’: Hindi.
‘ho’: Hiri Motu.
‘hr’: Croatian.
‘ht’: Haitian; Haitian Creole.
‘hu’: Hungarian.
‘hy’: Armenian.
‘hz’: Herero.
‘ia’: Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association).
‘id’: Indonesian.
‘ie’: Interlingue; Occidental.
‘ig’: Igbo.
‘ii’: Sichuan Yi; Nuosu.
‘ik’: Inupiak.
‘io’: Ido.
‘is’: Icelandic.
‘it’: Italian.
‘iu’: Inuktitut.
‘ja’: Japanese.
‘jv’: Javanese.
‘ka’: Georgian.
‘kg’: Kongo.
‘ki’: Kikuyu; Gikuyu.
‘kj’: Kuanyama; Kwanyama.
‘kk’: Kazakh.
‘kl’: Kalaallisut; Greenlandic.
‘km’: Central Khmer.
‘kn’: Kannada.
‘ko’: Korean.
‘kr’: Kanuri.
‘ks’: Kashmiri.
‘ku’: Kurdish.
‘kv’: Komi.
‘kw’: Cornish.
‘ky’: Kirghiz; Kyrgyz.
‘la’: Latin.
‘lb’: Luxembourgish; Letzeburgesch.
‘lg’: Ganda.
‘li’: Limburgan; Limburger; Limburgish.
‘ln’: Lingala.
‘lo’: Lao.
‘lt’: Lithuanian.
‘lu’: Luba-Katanga.
‘lv’: Latvian.
‘mg’: Malagasy.
‘mh’: Marshallese.
‘mi’: Maori.
‘mk’: Macedonian.
‘ml’: Malayalam.
‘mn’: Mongolian.
‘mr’: Marathi.
‘ms’: Malay.
‘mt’: Maltese.
‘my’: Burmese.
‘na’: Nauru.
‘nb’: Bokmål, Norwegian; Norwegian Bokmål.
‘nd’: Ndebele, North; North Ndebele.
‘ne’: Nepali.
‘ng’: Ndonga.
‘nl’: Dutch; Flemish.
‘nn’: Norwegian Nynorsk; Nynorsk, Norwegian.
‘no’: Norwegian.
‘nr’: Ndebele, South; South Ndebele.
‘nv’: Navajo; Navaho.
‘ny’: Chichewa; Nyanja.
‘oc’: Occitan (post 1500); Provençal.
‘oj’: Ojibwa.
‘om’: Oromo.
‘or’: Oriya.
‘os’: Ossetian; Ossetic.
‘pa’: Panjabi; Punjabi.
‘pi’: Pali.
‘pl’: Polish.
‘ps’: Pushto; Pashto.
‘pt’: Portuguese.
‘qu’: Quechua.
‘rm’: Romansh.
‘rn’: Rundi.
‘ro’: Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan.
‘ru’: Russian.
‘rw’: Kinyarwanda.
‘sa’: Sanskrit.
‘sc’: Sardinian.
‘sd’: Sindhi.
‘se’: Northern Sami.
‘sg’: Sango.
‘si’: Sinhala; Sinhalese.
‘sk’: Slovak.
‘sl’: Slovenian.
‘sm’: Samoan.
‘sn’: Shona.
‘so’: Somali.
‘sq’: Albanian.
‘sr’: Serbian.
‘ss’: Swati.
‘st’: Sotho, Southern.
‘su’: Sundanese.
‘sv’: Swedish.
‘sw’: Swahili.
‘ta’: Tamil.
‘te’: Telugu.
‘tg’: Tajik.
‘th’: Thai.
‘ti’: Tigrinya.
‘tk’: Turkmen.
‘tl’: Tagalog.
‘tn’: Tswana.
‘to’: Tonga (Tonga Islands).
‘tr’: Turkish.
‘ts’: Tsonga.
‘tt’: Tatar.
‘tw’: Twi.
‘ty’: Tahitian.
‘ug’: Uighur; Uyghur.
‘uk’: Ukrainian.
‘ur’: Urdu.
‘uz’: Uzbek.
‘ve’: Venda.
‘vi’: Vietnamese.
‘vo’: Volapük.
‘wa’: Walloon.
‘wo’: Wolof.
‘xh’: Xhosa.
‘yi’: Yiddish.
‘yo’: Yoruba.
‘za’: Zhuang; Chuang.
‘zh’: Chinese.
‘zu’: Zulu.

A.2 Rare Language Codes

For rarely used languages, the ISO 639-2 standard defines three-letter codes. Here is the current list, reduced to only living languages with at least one million of speakers.

‘ace’: Achinese.
‘awa’: Awadhi.
‘bal’: Baluchi.
‘ban’: Balinese.
‘bej’: Beja; Bedawiyet.
‘bem’: Bemba.
‘bho’: Bhojpuri.
‘bik’: Bikol.
‘bin’: Bini; Edo.
‘bug’: Buginese.
‘ceb’: Cebuano.
‘din’: Dinka.
‘doi’: Dogri.
‘fil’: Filipino; Pilipino.
‘fon’: Fon.
‘gon’: Gondi.
‘gsw’: Swiss German; Alemannic; Alsatian.
‘hil’: Hiligaynon.
‘hmn’: Hmong.
‘ilo’: Iloko.
‘kab’: Kabyle.
‘kam’: Kamba.
‘kbd’: Kabardian.
‘kmb’: Kimbundu.
‘kok’: Konkani.
‘kru’: Kurukh.
‘lua’: Luba-Lulua.
‘luo’: Luo (Kenya and Tanzania).
‘mad’: Madurese.
‘mag’: Magahi.
‘mai’: Maithili.
‘mak’: Makasar.
‘man’: Mandingo.
‘men’: Mende.
‘min’: Minangkabau.
‘mni’: Manipuri.
‘mos’: Mossi.
‘mwr’: Marwari.
‘nap’: Neapolitan.
‘nso’: Pedi; Sepedi; Northern Sotho.
‘nym’: Nyamwezi.
‘nyn’: Nyankole.
‘pag’: Pangasinan.
‘pam’: Pampanga; Kapampangan.
‘raj’: Rajasthani.
‘sas’: Sasak.
‘sat’: Santali.
‘scn’: Sicilian.
‘shn’: Shan.
‘sid’: Sidamo.
‘srr’: Serer.
‘suk’: Sukuma.
‘sus’: Susu.
‘tem’: Timne.
‘tiv’: Tiv.
‘tum’: Tumbuka.
‘umb’: Umbundu.
‘wal’: Walamo.
‘war’: Waray.
‘yao’: Yao.

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A. Language Codes

A.1 Usual Language Codes

A.2 Rare Language Codes